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Novel determinants of introspective accuracy and confidence in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A mixed methods investigation

Award Number: F31MH138034
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 06/15/2025
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/14/2027

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Novel determinants of introspective accuracy and confidence in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A mixed methods investigation - Project Summary: Introspective accuracy (IA; i.e., how individuals estimate their abilities and skills) and confidence about performance are promising determinants of real-world functional outcomes for people with schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs). Yet, the mechanisms underlying IA and confidence are currently unclear. One area with promise as a potential determinant of IA and confidence is sleep. Sleep difficulties are highly prevalent in people with SSDs, and early work suggests that self-reported sleep quality may be related to IA and confidence about task performance among those with SSDs. No studies to date have examined these relationships using objective sleep assessments, and it is unclear how sleep may impact IA and confidence day- to-day. While existing work points to sleep as one possible determinant of IA and confidence, there may be additional factors related to IA and confidence in this group that have not been previously explored. No research to date has assessed participants’ perceptions of factors impacting their IA and confidence, or their understanding of why they might over or underestimate their abilities. The current study will address this question using qualitative interviewing. This data may have important implications for current mechanistic models of IA and confidence, as factors may be identified through qualitative methods that have not been previously considered. This study aims to fill these gaps in the literature by assessing 1) relationships between objective sleep quality, IA, and confidence, 2) participants’ understanding of factors impacting their IA and confidence, and 3) whether relationships between sleep, IA, and confidence are stronger among SSD participants as compared to healthy control (HC) participants. Sixty participants (40 people with SSDs and 20 HCs) will complete comprehensive assessments of IA and confidence for social cognition and neurocognition. After this visit, ecological momentary assessment (EMA) via a smartphone app will be used to assess IA and confidence 7 times per day over a one-week period. Fitbits will also be provided to participants, which will be used to collect objective sleep data during the one-week period of EMA data collection. Following this one-week sleep and EMA period, a subset of SSD participants (n = 25) will answer qualitative questions about their perception of factors influencing their IA and confidence ratings. This proposed project aligns closely with NIMH 2024 Strategic Plan, Strategy 2.2.A (Determining early risk and protective factors, and related mechanisms, to serve as novel intervention targets). Results from this study will aid in understanding the mechanisms underlying IA and confidence about performance among people with SSDs, which will inform intervention efforts aimed at improving everyday functioning in this population.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $38,937 )
2025	2025	THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI	118 COLLEGE DRIVE	HATTIESBURG	MS	39406	FORREST	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	001	1	9/8/2025	NEW	$564
2025	2025	THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI	118 COLLEGE DRIVE	HATTIESBURG	MS	39406	FORREST	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	002	1	9/8/2025	NEW	$0
2025	2025	THE UNIVERSITY OF SOUTHERN MISSISSIPPI	118 COLLEGE DRIVE	HATTIESBURG	MS	39406	FORREST	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	5/7/2025	NEW	$38,373
														Subtotal = $38,937

Grand Total All Awards = $38,937

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Novel determinants of introspective accuracy and confidence in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders: A mixed methods investigation

Award Number: F31MH138034

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 06/15/2025

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 06/14/2027

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