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The Effect of Sterotype Threat in Police Encounters on Behaviorial and Affective Outcomes

Award Number: F31MH117854
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/03/2019
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/14/2020

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The Effect of Sterotype Threat in Police Encounters on Behaviorial and Affective Outcomes - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Black and Hispanic individuals experience disproportionate levels of police contact1 and it has been hypothesized that stereotype threat—the fear of confirming negative stereotypes about one’s group— negatively influences police-minority interactions2-4. It is well documented that experiencing stereotype threat has negative behavioral, affective, cognitive, and health consequences5—possibly accounting for disparities in physical/mental health outcomes among racial/ethnic minorities6. Thus, the broad aim of this study is to examine the role stereotype threat may play in racial/ethnic minority group interactions with police officers. Prior research suggests that stereotype threat acts as an acute stressors and leads to dysregulation of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis7,8, leading to anxiety9 or aggression10. Social information processing theory adds to this picture by indicating stressful social situations (e.g., stereotype threat) result in aggression or negative affectivity (i.e., anxiety or depression) due to dysfunction in social cognition. One previous study has examined stereotype threat in a legal context3; however, no studies have linked stereotype threat in a legal setting with downstream effects on negative affect and aggressive behavior. Further, no studies have examined the theorized biological and social cognitive mechanisms driving these effects. This research proposal addresses these gaps by (a) examining whether the relation between stereotype threat induction in a legal context and aggressive behavior/negative affective states is mediated by cortisol and testosterone levels, (b) examining whether the previously documented relation between stereotype threat induction and aggressive behavior/negative affective states is mediated by dysfunction in social cognition, and (c) examining whether race/ethnicity act as a moderator of stereotype threat effect. This proposal utilizes a biopsychosocial model of psychopathology that reflects the Research Domain Criteria’s (RDoC) framework of integrating multiple levels of analysis (i.e., neurobiological, behavioral, social- cognitive). Specifically, it reflects the mission of the National Institute of Mental Health (NIMH) to transform the understanding of mental illness by identifying neural mechanisms in specific domains of mental function. Reflecting these missions and frameworks, this study aims to elucidate how cognitive (i.e., social cognition) and biological (i.e., cortisol and testosterone levels) processes mediate stress (i.e., stereotype threat) processes to confer risk for mental disorders, spanning multiple levels of analysis (e.g., self-report and behavioral data) to uncover fundamental mechanisms (e.g., biological, cognitive) of complex social behavior in diverse populations. Finally, this award will aid in the training of a young researcher seeking to understand the mechanisms associated with negative outcomes of stereotype threat in minority young adults by providing necessary scaffolding toward an independent research career, providing opportunities for advanced research skills and enhanced breadth and depth of knowledge across disciplines.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = -$25,645 )
2022	2020	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	001	2	4/22/2022	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	-$25,645
2022	2019	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	4/22/2022	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = -$25,645

Issue Date FY: 2020 ( Subtotal = $35,414 )
2020	2020	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	2	3/4/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$35,414
2020	2020	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	001	2	9/2/2020	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $35,414

Issue Date FY: 2019 ( Subtotal = $34,910 )
2019	2019	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	001	1	2/27/2019	NEW	$0
2019	2019	SAM HOUSTON STATE UNIVERSITY	1806 AVE J	HUNTSVILLE	TX	77341	WALKER	USA	Mental Health Research Grants	000	1	2/27/2019	NEW	$34,910
														Subtotal = $34,910

Grand Total All Awards = $44,679

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The Effect of Sterotype Threat in Police Encounters on Behaviorial and Affective Outcomes

Award Number: F31MH117854

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF MENTAL HEALTH

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 04/03/2019

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 08/14/2020

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