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Characterizing the formation and maintenance of drug-biased beliefs in opioid use disorder

Award Number: F31DA058497
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 02/14/2024
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2026

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Characterizing the formation and maintenance of drug-biased beliefs in opioid use disorder - PROJECT SUMMARY/ABSTRACT Despite psychoeducational efforts highlighting consequences of opioid use, relapse remains common for individuals with opioid use disorder (OUD). This clinical observation indicates a need for better understanding how undesirable information about drug use is evaluated and incorporated into patient’s beliefs about personal risk. People hold biased beliefs about their personal risk in various life domains, expecting more good outcomes to happen to them than bad outcomes. This “optimism bias” can be explained by a biased belief updating process that weighs better-than-expected past outcomes more heavily than worse-than-expected past outcomes when forming future expectations. This “optimism bias” could explain mechanisms that drive opioid use despite well- recognized risks for harm. Such biased beliefs in OUD have primarily been studied using self-report measures. Additionally, neuroimaging work on these biases has been restricted to healthy individuals. The psychological and neural determinants of these biases as they relate to drug use in OUD remain unknown. I propose to, for the first time, quantify domain-specific optimism biases in OUD and to re-assess these biases as participants engage with their daily life outside of the lab. Here, I will study the behavioral, neural, and longitudinal mechanisms of biased beliefs in treatment-seeking individuals with OUD and matched healthy controls. Using a neurocomputational framework, during functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), subjects will estimate their likelihood of drug- and nondrug-related negative events occurring to them (e.g., overdose, bone fracture). They will then be shown the true base rate of these negative events and will be given the opportunity to update their estimates. In Aim 1, I will use this approach to test whether opioid users underestimate their likelihood for negative events and whether they would update their beliefs more after receiving better-than expected vs. worse- than-expected information, especially when outcomes are related to their drug use. To test how biased belief updating emerges in the brain, in Aim 2, I will record brain activity during the initial estimation and updating period of the task in Aim 1, which I hypothesize to involve cortico-limbic-striatal circuitry centered on the inferior frontal gyrus and ventral striatum. Following the MRI session, in Aim 3, subjects will be enrolled in a 4-week ecological momentary assessment (EMA) study and complete an abridged version of the optimism bias task to determine the maintenance and durability of domain-specific optimistic beliefs. The proposed Diversity-F31 training and research plan will support the formal training I will receive in my doctoral program by: (1) increasing my knowledge in human addiction neuroscience; (2) increasing proficiency in methods and concepts in cognitive neuroscience and advanced neuroimaging techniques; and (3) developing training in advanced multi-level statistical and computational modeling. By using a rigorous decision neuroscience approach, this research has the potential to inform future efforts to refine and develop more robust psychoeducational interventions for OUD.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $44,600 )
2025	2025	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	2	12/23/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$44,036
2025	2025	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	001	2	8/11/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$564
														Subtotal = $44,600

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $44,036 )
2024	2024	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	001	1	5/1/2024	NEW	$1,280
2024	2024	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	000	1	2/14/2024	NEW	$42,756
2024	2024	RUTGERS THE STATE UNIVERSITY OF NEW JERSEY	65 BERGEN ST	NEWARK	NJ	07107	ESSEX	USA	Drug Use and Addiction Research Programs	002	1	5/1/2024	NEW	$0
														Subtotal = $44,036

Grand Total All Awards = $88,636

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Characterizing the formation and maintenance of drug-biased beliefs in opioid use disorder

Award Number: F31DA058497

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON DRUG ABUSE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: FELLOWSHIP/SCHOLARSHIP/STUDENT LOANS

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 02/14/2024

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 01/31/2026

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