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A Framework for the Impact of Algorithms in Health Care

Award Number: DP1LM014278
ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE
OPDIV: NIH
AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY
AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/30/2022
PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 07/31/2027

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A Framework for the Impact of Algorithms in Health Care - Health care algorithms make decisions that impact the lives of millions of individuals, yet few are rigorously evaluated for impact after they are implemented. Unfortunately, these oversights have led to the perpetuation negative health impacts. In an effort to leap ahead of the current state of the field, our research would build a framework for assessing the impact of health care algorithms before they are deployed, which is a novel line of investigation. This proposal is inherently interdisciplinary, spanning machine learning, AI, health economics, decision sciences, statistics, health policy, and qualitative research. Mathematical decision science microsimulation models will be developed, positing an underlying complex causal network of the health care system. In order to initialize these microsimulation models, a broad collection of data sources will be used, including health care billing claims, primary care electronic health records, and qualitative information. Primary outcomes under consideration center health care access, quality, and costs. Robustness and rigor are central to our work. Despite no comparator framework existing, we will additionally develop simpler causal network models along with Markov cohort models to provide a basis for comparison. Outputs produced will also be freely shared in the form of open-source code and open-access preprints featuring transparent descriptions of all models and assumptions. This work would involve a substantial shift in focus for the Principal Investigator; pivoting to research that leverages mathematical decision science modeling and qualitative approaches while merging them with her expertise in machine learning for health care. Importantly, this framework has the potential to influence a new set of standards and guidelines for AI algorithms, establishing a blueprint where tools are routinely evaluated for impact before deployment. Thus, creating this first-of-its-kind impact framework could transform the development and application of algorithms in health care, representing a substantial paradigm shift with broad impact.


Issue Date FY	Funding FY	Legal Entity Name	Legal Entity Address	Legal Entity City	Legal Entity State	Legal Entity Zip Code	Legal Entity COUNTY	Legal Entity COUNTRY	Assistance Listing	Award Code	Budget Year	Action Date	Action Type	Action Amount

Issue Date FY: 2025 ( Subtotal = $1,080,800 )
2025	2025	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	000	4	7/30/2025	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,080,800
														Subtotal = $1,080,800

Issue Date FY: 2024 ( Subtotal = $1,080,800 )
2024	2024	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	001	3	9/2/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,080,800
2024	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	000	2	8/28/2024	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$0
														Subtotal = $1,080,800

Issue Date FY: 2023 ( Subtotal = $1,081,325 )
2023	2023	THE LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	000	2	8/28/2023	NON-COMPETING CONTINUATION	$1,081,325
														Subtotal = $1,081,325

Issue Date FY: 2022 ( Subtotal = $1,087,100 )
2022	2022	LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY, THE	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	001	1	9/23/2022	NEW	-$14,700
2022	2022	LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNIVERSITY, THE	450 JANE STANFORD WAY	STANFORD	CA	94305	SANTA CLARA	USA	Trans-NIH Research Support	000	1	9/1/2022	NEW	$1,101,800
														Subtotal = $1,087,100

Grand Total All Awards = $4,330,025

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A Framework for the Impact of Algorithms in Health Care

Award Number: DP1LM014278

ORGANIZATION: NATIONAL LIBRARY OF MEDICINE

OPDIV: NIH

AWARD CLASS: DISCRETIONARY

AWARD ACTIVITY TYPE: SCIENTIFIC/HEALTH RESEARCH (INCLUDES SURVEYS)

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE START DATE: 09/30/2022

PERIOD OF PERFORMANCE END DATE: 07/31/2027

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