Project Summary
Lupus nephritis (LN) is a common and severe complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and
current therapies are toxic and frequently ineffective. LN is more prevalent and more likely to cause kidney
failure in African American patients [1-3]. SLE has strong genetic components, but the relationship of
genetic susceptibility to prognosis in African Americans is poorly understood. Previous studies showed
variants of TNIP1 are associated with SLE and LN susceptibility [4-7]. We reported a strong association for
the TNIP1 rs4958881 polymorphism with LN in African American patients from a large-scale SLE
genotyping study [8]. Our preliminary data show an association of the rs4958881 variants with severity and
progression of LN in African Americans. TNIP1 encodes the protein ABIN1 that functions as a physiological
inhibitor of NF-¿B, a prominent immune regulator [9, 10]. We reported previously that loss of the molecular
function of ABIN1 in mice results in SLE-like autoimmunity and glomerulonephritis [8, 11, 12].
While there is evidence that ABIN1 regulation of NF-¿B plays a role in autoimmunity and development of
LN, a number of critical gaps in knowledge remain. First, what molecular mechanisms mediate ABIN1-
dependent enhanced risk of LN, and are they specific for different immune cell types? Second, does altered
ABIN1 function induced by TNIP1 polymorphisms play a role in the racial disparity of LN? Third, do TNIP1
polymorphisms have different pathologic, molecular, and cellular effects in African Americans compared
with White Americans?
Three Specific Aims are proposed to address these significant questions. Aim 1: Compare the Association
of theTNIP1 variant rs4958881 on LN in White and African Americans. Aim 2: Determine the effects of the
TNIP1 variant rs4958881 on monocyte, neutrophils, and B cell activity in patients with LN. Aim 3. Determine
the mechanisms by which loss of ABIN1 molecular function alters monocyte, neutrophil, and B cell function
using ABIN1 transgenic mice. The animal experiments will be interpreted in conjunction with similar
experiments in Aim 2 using the same cells isolated from blood of LN patients with the TNIP1 rs4958881 risk
variant.
This is a Multi-PI proposal with a Cell and Molecular Biologist/Biochemist (Dr. David W. Powell) and a
Clinical Nephrologist/Scientist (Dr. Dawn J. Caster). These investigators have published many of the
reports pertaining to TINIP1/ABIN1 function in LN via genetic and animal studies and are now poised with
recent preliminary findings to evaluate causative roles for a TNIP1 polymorphism in severity and
progression and specific cellular and molecular events in human LN. The translational and population-
targeted nature of these studies will provide impactful insights that will lead to precision diagnostics and
therapeutics for high-risk African American LN patients.