Abstract
Malignant gliomas continue to be the most aggressive and lethal of all brain tumors. In spite of improvements in
surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy, median survival remains ~18-24 months. Gliomas are infiltrative
tumors that invade the surrounding normal brain tissue making total surgical resection impossible. Tumor cells
that remain after surgery eventually lead to tumor recurrence, causing the demise of the patients. Collagen
plays an important role in the progression of various tumors such as breast, prostate and pancreatic tumors. Its
role in gliomas, however, remains poorly understood. Cellular, molecular and functional preliminary data have
identified Collagen1A1 (Col1A1) as an important determinant of tumor progression and invasion. An important
role of Col1A1 in patient survival is supported by the analysis of TCGA, and GLASS, data from human primary
and recurrent gliomas that indicate that median survival is inversely correlated with levels of Col1A1. Human
and experimental mouse gliomas contain fascicles of elongated mesenchymal-like tumor cells that represent
areas of collective motion within the tumor invasive border, and the tumor core; an increase in the density of
these areas is associated with worse prognosis in preclinical mouse models and in human patients. scRNAseq
followed by RNAscope identified two types of cells that express significant levels of Col1A1. High Col1A1-
expressing cells are found within perivascular stroma cells, and glioma cells themselves express lower, but
significant levels of Col1A1. Using laser-microdissection of the mesenchymal-like structures followed by
RNAseq we confirmed that areas of collective motion are enriched in mesenchymal markers such as Col1A1
and ACTA2. These experiments predict an important role for Col1A1 in tumor progression. This was examined
by expressing a shRNA for Col1A1 during the induction of genetically engineered mouse models of glioma
(GEMMs) using our Sleeping Beauty system. Indeed, knockdown of Col1A1 from tumor cells from incipient
GEMMs increased median survival and eliminated areas of fascicles of elongated mesenchymal-like tumor
cells; however, tumors still progressed, animals became moribund, and perivascular expression of Col1A1
remained. This raises the possibility that expression of Col1A1 in perivascular stromal cells plays an important
role in glioma progression. What is not known is if Col1A1 depletion from either tumor or perivascular stromal
cells within established tumors will delay tumor progression and reduce collective motion. Thus, there is a
critical need for a mechanistic understanding of how Col1A1 contributes to glioma progression and invasion.
Our overall objectives are to establish the role of each cellular compartment that expresses Col1A1 on glioma
growth and invasion (AIM 1), the functional role of Col1A1 expression in either cellular compartment on glioma
dynamics (AIM 2), and the role of collagen and its receptors on the response of gliomas to radiation (AIM 3).
Our central hypothesis is that Col1A1 expressing cells play a significant role in glioma progression and
invasion and that blocking Col1A1 and/or its receptors could uncover a novel therapeutic target for GBM.